Community Health Needs Assessment Tools Health And Social Care Essay

union Health Needs Assessment Tools Health And affable C atomic number 18 EssayThe research need to generate qualitative and quantitative data regarding a contingent community health need is channelizely proportionate to the impact that the particular health need has on the community and sometimes even so the mortality/morbidity generated by the particular health problem. In this regard, in this current assessment we review the health unavoidably of coal minelaying workers in westerly Virginia, USA to identify hazards and risk factors pertaining to their health, by virtue of their designated profession.Community health require assessment is a rigorous project that serves the population chthonic study by elucidating the current require, reflecting the situation which is frequently not equilibrize between health providers, insurance schemes, health administration and/or community leaders. It also serves at identifying particular needs that are overlooked by health rus h officials that are either novel or problematical by elucidating sensed and expressed health and wellbeing needs. In different words, it can be a put onful promoter to depict the selected communitys horizon in respect to health needs, healthcare shortfalls and aetiology, all useful areas for the facilitation of better public health management.In send to perform an accurate community health needs assessment, research should be grounded on an up to date background study of the selected populations demographics and census (socioeconomic, workforce and other) data, where available. Moreover, particular health factors should be taken into account by managing information currently disseminated through healthcare officials (such as mortality, disease prevalence, risk factors analysis).This research would also realize from an on-site review of environmental and work related to conditions, if possible.The most useful and widely utilise instrument to conduct a community health needs assessment and subsequent analysis is by means of a structured questionnaire base survey that will employ cross sectional and population specialized items targeted at the current health need. Moreover, the instrument should be designed with attention to environment and order specific conditions, such as regulations and laws, insurance coverage and even so, local traditions and unwritten codes of conduct.For the above reasons, in this essay we will conduct a review of available information on the community of Coal tap Workers in West Virginia, USA. After the acquisition and analysis of the pertaining data, we will present a structured survey instrument, aiming to identify health needs with respect to living health problems and patient satisfaction.BACKGROUND-RESEARCHWe searched a wide array of online databases and organisations providing demographic and other information for the population in question. We also conducted a MEDLINE search, to draw the picture of already identified health needs and/or needs assessments already conducted in this population. Search terms employed were coal workers, west Virginia, health needs, pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease, occupational hazard alone or in combination.West Virginia is a state in the Mid-Atlantic section of the USA, capital Charleston. The state is notorious for its mountain part and significant coal mining industries. The mineral and coal resources in the area are vast, and West Virginia has been considered to switch fuelled a great part of the industrial transmutation of the developed world. Moreover, coal mining and related work constituted major part of the employment activities of the state, while still in the 21st century, it is believed that mining safeguard and environmental concerns are amongst the most challenging issues facing the state.In 2009, West Virginia was inhabited by 1,819,777 people. 5.6% of West Virginias population were reported as under 5, 22.3% under 18, and 15.3% were 65 or older. Females made up approximately 51.4% of the population (United States Census Bureau, 2010). Moreover, according to US Census Bureau Data, West Virginia is the third lowest in per capita income state. It also ranks last at median household income. Virginias adult population with a bachelors degree is the lowest in the U.S. At 17.3%.The main economy is coal, and the state is the lead in coal production, second only to Wyoming.From the West Virginia Office of Miners Health, Safety and Training we find that the West Virginia Coal Industry provides about 30,000 direct jobs in WV, including miners, mine contractors, coal preparation plant employees and mine supply companies. In particular 20,715 are registered as employees in the 188 active coal mines in WV, while an additional 4,842 work as an independent contractor.From the same source we read that for 2009, fatal accidents were 3, non fatal accidents 1,164 and the accident frequency was estimated to be 2.79%. Involved in accid ents are mainly high voltage equipment, and areas in and around river load outs. But apart from fatalities, a major health problem for VW coal mining workers is pneumoconiosis, or black lung. The CDC has implemented a safety and health chapter regarding occupational Respiratory Disease inspection, and especially for coal miners, the Enhanced Coal Workers Health Surveillance Program (ECWHSP).The ECWHSP includes surveys that include specifically designed standardized health questionnaires, work histories, spirometry testing, radiographic examinations, and collection of other relevant health information, which are gathered in a specially designed mobile examination unit by trained personnel on site.Results of the ECWHSP 2009 survey on mine workers in West Virginia are shown on table 1FindingExaminedRateTotalParticipation1,88420%9,593pneumoconiosis (=1/0 or PMF).935%1,884pneumoconiosis (=2/1 or PMF).432%PMF241%advanced pneumoconiosis352% meet a continuing cough.62434%bring up phlegm f rom their chest.69038%have chest sounds of wheezing.61334%have had an attack of wheezing73841%have experienced dyspnea on level74141%have experienced dyspnea on a hill1,11962%have chest tightness67237%have chronic bronchitis.1428%have emphysema.794%have had pneumonia33719%have asthma1327%have tuberculosis.40%never smoked.95453%former smokers45525%current smokers39322%Although under a lot of argumentation, coal and in general volatiles (dust) have been proven by sufficient limpid as causes of respiratory damage. In detail, in coal miners a significant association between the level of FEV1 and dust was found, even after adjustment for age, general anatomy and smoking (Cowie ,1999 Soutar 1989).Some to a greater extent interesting figures arise from the State Health Facts website, shown in Table 2Measured indexWEST VIRGINIAUSA suppurate-Adjusted invading Cancer Incidence Rate per 100,000 existence, 2005484.2458.4 take ins of Low Birth weight as a Percent of All Births, 20069.78.3Num ber of Deaths per 100,000 Population, 2007951.7760.31Life Expectancy at Birth (in years), 200575.378.0Percent of Adults Who Have Ever Been Told by a Doctor that They Have Diabetes, 200811,98,2Number of Deaths Due to Diseases of the Heart per 100,000 Population, 2006236,9200,2Asthma prevalence among adults9.08,2Percentage of Adult Population Aged 21-64 Years Who Reported a Disability, 200722,412,8The above figures need to be assessed in caution regarding the high prevalence of occupation of coal worker in West Virginia. Apart from the apparent pathophysiology of dust entering the lungs and rendering them chronically inflammatory, with signs of fibrosis and atelectasia or other interstitial pneumonic disease or pneumonoconiasis, health needs of coal mining workers are extended to a variety of diseases that are not as commonly identifiable at the first look.Although current screening methods and occupational policies do exist for these workers, they tend to be centred on respiratory d iseases. Coal Mining however, is a demanding, time consuming manual labour that is often exigent and causes a variety of clinical manifestations. As such we can consider lower back pain, physical limitations (Galagher,2005) cervical spine degenerative changes, vibration-hazard related body changes, sudden coronary death (Kopytina et al, 1993), skin lesions (Begraca et al, 1991)and mental health changes (Lagunov,1991).Moreover, the coal mining community often has unmet needs on the level of healthcare access and utilization, that different stakeholders are usually unaware. In a study by Smith et al,2005 a community health needs assessment was the means to the provision of a community nurse and a revision in healthcare provision among former miners in Kent.Having reviewed the major components of community health needs assessment for mine workers in West Virginia and having conducted the appropriate background review, we propose the following questionnaire as a tool to conducting an ef fective and fruitful evaluation of perceived and actual health needs, in a community of mine workers.This tool comprises of a health needs assessment part, where the answers are left open and views are encouraged for propositions in order to facilitate the analysis of expected health and participation to health concerns. The second part is a standardized demographics and health questionnaire that is used widely in this form, with minor alterations in assessing the perceived health and demographic information of the study population in question.Emphasis is given on other diseases that might affect the coal mining community ( participants are requested to count five-5 major health concerns) and on perceived level of attention and care this community is receiving or should be receiving according to its needs. A question regarding their siblings health is put in the end to elucidate concerns that are also documented in the literature regarding out of site contamination with dust by coal workers that bring their occupational hazard in the family home or by strewing in neighbourly areas (Pless-Mulloli et al, 2001).QUESTIONNAIREWe are conducting a review of the Health Needs within the WV coal mining community. Along with statistical data and analysis we are also interested in your viewpoints.InstructionsPart One Health ProblemsThere are several factors that influence or determine whether the people in your coal miners community are healthy.From the following list, please rank from 1-5 (1 being the highest priority) what you think are the top five health and disability issues affecting your community?Health neckYour Ranking (1-5)Asthma / Respiratory Disease / PneumoconiasisCancerCardiovascular DiseaseDepression / Psychiatric DisordersDiabetesDisabilityDrug and Alcohol useNutritionObesityOral HealthPhysical Injury (including violence and accidents)Self harm / SuicideSexual HealthSmokingOther (please delimitate below)What do you think is needed to address the top thr ee priority issues identified above and what difference will this drive?Issue 1Issue 2Issue 3What is needed?What is needed?What is needed?What difference will this make?What difference will this make?What difference will this make?How much influence do you think the following have as to whether people in your coal mining community are healthy? amuse mark apiece factor with an X, ranking influence from 1-5 following with an XInfluence (1 is most, 5 is least)Factors12345 terms of servicesEase of access to health servicesEducationEmploymentFamily supportHousingIncomeSocial IsolationTransportCommunity support damages statusOther (please specify below)Your details entertain provide us with some information about yourself. This will assist us with the analysis of the questionnaire results.Please mark the following that applies to you with an XName (optional)Ethnic GroupAmericanGerman decentHispanicOtherGenderMaleFemaleAge RangeChildren (aged 0 14)Adults (aged 25 64)Youth (aged 15 24) Older People (aged 65+)Where do you live?metropolitan areacountyHow many years have you worked in the coal mining sector?( number of years)Do you consider your self healthy?YesNoWhat is your principal concern?How often do you piffle a doctor?List one preventive diagnostic test that you had the previous 6 months ( colorectal screening, pap test, ECG, CXR, ultrasonogram etc)Does your employer offer health promotion/wellness programs?YesNoType of health insurance( state) In the following section, select which answer describes you. *Note that N/A stands for not applicableAlwaysSometimes neerN/AYou wear a seat beltYou wear a helmet when riding a bicycle, rollerblading or skateboardingYou drive the posted belt along limitYou eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each dayYou eat fast food more than once a weekYou exercising at a moderate pace at least 30 minutes per day, 5 days per weekYou consume more than 3 soaker drinks per day (female) or more than 5 per day (male)You sm oke cigarettesYou chew tobaccoYou are exposed to secondhand smoke in your home or at workYou use illegal drugs (marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine, etc.)You perform self-exams for cancer (breast or testicular)You wash your hands with soap and water after using the restroomYou sustain physiotherapy for lower back painYou apply sunscreen before planned time outsideYou get a flu shot each yearYou practice safe sex (condom or other barrier method, etc.)You take vitamin pills or supplements dailyYou spend money on gambling more than once a monthYou attend religious services regularlyYou volunteer in your community (church, schools, civic organizations, etc.)You donate money to community based organizations (churches, non profit organizations, etc.)You get enough sleep each night (7-9 hours)You finger stressed outYou feel happy about your lifeYou feel lonely(a)You worry about losing your jobYou feel safe in your communityYou are afraid for your childrens healthYou feel that the govern ment is liable for your healthYou feel that the government is liable for your childrens health