Essay on Staffing the Boston Public Schools - 1571 Words

Staffing the Boston Public Schools Factors Shaping the Boston Public School’s Staffing Practices There were several factors that contributed to the staffing practices of the Boston Public School system. The first of these factors was the seniority based transfer rules that allowed veteran teachers who wanted to transfer between schools first bid on posted vacancies. This practice was later amended in the mid- 1980s so that three permanent teachers were able to apply to any open position. The principle was then able to select from the three senior applicants thereby allowing the principal to have more control in staffing. Senior teachers were also allowed to place a â€Å"blind bid† on a school even if there was no immediate†¦show more content†¦McGann also hired a technology consultant to help her develop and implement an online application system later that spring. Lastly McGann also reorganized the human resources department by designing an open-concept space and organizing the human res ources department into cross trained teams that could answer questions from principals and prospective teachers according to education level such as elementary and secondary schools. McGann was promoted at the end of 2004 to assistant superintendent. The last key player in the article was Teresa Harvey-Jackson principal of the John Marshall Elementary School. The article used the staffing difficulties at Harvey-Jackson’s John Marshall Elementary School as a case study of problems faced by many principals in the BPS school district. The article sums up Jackson’s frustrations with her reflecting on the staffing process. â€Å"Most days I wish I had more authority over staffing in my school. Even though Massachusetts grants principals the right to hire and fire, BPS principals do not have this responsibility. This is problematic.† The Staffing Process Used at BPS The staffing practices at BPS at the time of the article were very bureaucratic and seemly dys functional. The 2000 contract presented improvement over previous years with the BTU compressing the overall hiring timelineShow MoreRelatedAmerica Has Benefited The Field Of Education943 Words   |  4 Pagesmembers into positions previously held by veteran teachers. Some districts are laying off veteran teachers and replacing them with TFA to ease budget issues. The practice of laying off veteran teachers and replacing them with TFA has been reported in Boston, Charlotte, Chicago, Dallas, and Washington, D.C. (Heilig Jez, 2010). Veteran teachers are having to compete with Teach for America recruits for teaching positions despite their lengthier training because TFA recruits are cheaper than teachersRead MoreEducation Biography1433 Words   |  6 Pagesattainment of a goal is dependent on the unique value system of the individual. We define our own priorities. In identifying my own, I made a decision which would ultimately disable my completion of an undergraduate degree at Suffolk University in Boston Massachusetts. We are, as I am told, a culmination of our choices and thus to feel remorse for a decision we have made inherently denies an aspect of who we are. Each of my experiences hasRead MoreOverview of the No Child Left Behind Act1568 Words   |  6 Pagessigned into law on January 8, 2002. The act compels public schools receiving federal funding to carry out statewide standardized tests annually to all the students (Williams, McClellan, Rivlin, 2010). Students have to take same test under same conditions. This essay seeks to enumerate ways in which the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 impact public schools. After the Introduction of NCLB, test driven accountability has become the norm in public schools. Other stakeholders in the education sector haveRead MoreJails and Prisons Comparison Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesjails hold some similar characteristics but are completely different models in which they serve in the criminal justice system. Some of the types of crimes that America faces today are: violent crimes, property, white collar or organized crime, and public order crimes (Worrall, 2008). The criminal justice system sets the regulations and policies of how an offender will be held accountable for their inappropriate actions. The criminal justice system is a process that takes time and money from societyRead MoreBenefits Of Innovative Business Models And Strategic Plans Must Support The Mission Of The Institution? Essay927 Words   |  4 Pagesin relation to the mission of the institution?† The international program is rooted in the U.S. institution s stated mission and purposes and reflects special social, religious, and ethical elements of that mission (New England Association of Schools and Colleges 2003). The surge with colleges and universities in the U.S. operating overseas campuses continues to increase. 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I say this because when I was in high school, I faced struggles with peer pressure, fitting in, and other frivolous things that really was not as big as I made them. But what I find now is that my students are facing life decisions at even younger ages. Some are facing extreme poverty where they are having to choose between making money illegally to buy food or coming to school. Others are becomingRead MoreEssay on District Budget Design1631 Words   |  7 Pagesbudget has become increasingly difficult. As a school board member for the Peoria School district it is important and crucial to effective budget decision making to be educated on the school districts budget design and delegated responsibilities within the system. These dec isions need to be made based on the protection of public funds and property. â€Å"The legal responsibility for such protection rests solely with the board of education in each school district† (Brimley, Verstengen, Garfield, 2012,Read More Impact of Nurse-to-Patient Ratios Essay1992 Words   |  8 Pagesnursing shortages over the years, including healthcare organizations downsizing, increased workloads, inadequate staffing plans and job dissatisfaction. Mandated nurse-to-patient staffing ratios have been implemented in several states to date with many more trying to pass some type of legislation. Have these ratios affected the quality of care or is it more realistic to create staffing committees that are based on each unit’s unique situation and varying requirements? Skyrocketing medical costs areRead More Higher Nurse-to-Patient Ratios Improves the Quality of Care Essay2236 Words   |  9 Pagesdownsizing, reduced reimbursements, increased workloads, inadequate staffing plans and job dissatisfaction. Currently, mandated minimum nurse-to-patient staffing ratios have been implemented in several states with many more trying to pass some type of legislation (Chapman et al.331). In other states hospitals opted to form safe staffing committees that include the participation of nurses to assure each unit’s need is met. Regulated safe staffing plans for nurse-to-patient ratios in hospitals and other healthcare

Creating a Business Idea and Types of Business Organizations

Small-Business Idea Recently the United States government has released funds for creating small businesses. An opportunity to acquire government funding for a business venture is one to take advantage of and to put dreams into reality. The intent of this paper is to outline the three main forms of business organizations including the tax and legal implications as well as the accounting requirements for each structure. In addition, this paper proposes creating a small business of a women’s only gym while weighing in the advantages and disadvantages of the three types of business organizations which are sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. To start the process of forming a business there are three main forms of business†¦show more content†¦These four financial statements are considered the backbone of financial accounting and show special significance, but ultimately, each has one common goal: to show internal and external users where the money is in the company. No matter what form of business organization the small business is they all need to prepare these four financial statements. The income statement deals with the revenues and expenses a company incurs for a period of time (Kimmel, Weygandt, Kieso, 2009). This financial statement reports the success or failure of the company’s operating and non-operating activities. The retained earnings statement shows the amounts and causes of changes in retained earnings during the period (Kimmel, Weygandt, Kieso, 2009). This statement brings together the beginning and ending retained earnings for the period, using information such as net income from the company’s other financial statements. A company’s balance sheet reports assets and claims to assets at a specific point in time (Kimmel, Weygandt, Kieso, 2009). In other words, the balance sheet summarizes a company’s assets, liabilities, and stockholder’s equity. These three segments give investors, creditors, and managers an idea as to what the company owns and owes, as well as theShow MoreRelatedBusiness Practices : The Business Wo rld910 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness practices are constantly changing along with the frequent changes of technology. These changes require imagination and invention in business. managers/leaders need to realize the importance of keeping themselves up to date. Creativity and innovation are significantly imperative to being competitive in today’s business world. Our HR department to strive to be more and more creative and innovative in terms of making new ideas and implementing productive processes into practice. For exampleRead MoreThe Importance Of Networking And Its Different Forms Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesvery important role in the business environment. It is all about creating new and enduring relationship, mutually beneficial to both the parties. 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For example, in placesRead MoreInformation Resource Management week 1 Essay859 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Week 1 Homework 1. In what respect does business strategy resemble military strategy? Obtaining an advantageous position on the opposition is a tactic that is similar in both business and military strategy. 2. Refer to Chapter 1s discussion of different types of information systems. Which types of ISs can gain strategic advantage and which cannot? Why? Transaction Processing systems are merely used for recording transactions and thus are not used for gaining strategic advantage. CustomerRead MoreThe Solution Path By Tasos Siokas Ph.d1193 Words   |  5 PagesThe Solution Path by Tasos Siokas Ph.D. He is a professor and chair on the Business Administration Department in Los Angeles Valley College. He also teaches at USC (University of Southern California). He has published a book The Solution Path by Jossey-Bass in 2003. 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All corporations should be open to gay marriage because it...

All corporations should be open to gay marriage because it opens more possibilities for marketing and clientele. In the ad for Smirnoff from July 2013, there was a clear stance in the support for gay marriage and the news traveled fast. Shown in the ad are three pairs of drink combinations; two martini glasses, two tumbler glasses and a martini-tumbler combination. The ad was simple, eye-catching and genuine yet still tied back to the brand. The ad is one of few that supports same-sex couples through it’s creative symbolism and other corporations should do the same. Although it’s not many, a few large companies have been reported to be supportive of gay marriage. Some companies include; Apple, Google, Starbucks, Instagram, Facebook,†¦show more content†¦If its profitable too, so? Then its win-win. As transparency becomes the norm (and it will be more and more so), the usual marketing gloss will stop working. So brands, and the the people who run them and corpor ations that own them, will need to stand for something more. Many already do, through lobbying, etc. So they are indeed involved in the civic issues at hand – even if they claim their brand is not. In order for a corporation or publicly known brand to take a stance or have an opinion on something, they must test the devotion of their buyers and supporters. Unfortunately, not all businesses will be able to keep their clientele and it will create a huge loss of profit. Taking a stance can mean entering uncharted waters for many brands. A cross-functional team of key stakeholders and senior leadership should make these decisions together in line with core company values. In each and every situation, when a company decides to chose a side, there is negative feedback from multiple parties, from the anti-gay consumers, to the religious supporters who feel like if they purchase product from one of these companies that dont believe the same things they do that it means they now are in agreement, but that is not the case. If you are friends with a homosexual, it doesnt mean you are now homosexual or that you are going to run down the streets flying rainbows behind you. It just means they are important to you or you enjoy their company, just asShow MoreRelatedSex Tourism Essay4993 Words   |  20 Pages1997). As sex industry has immensely became most profitable. It almost exists in all the developing countries in one or the other form where only â€Å"sex† is been significant. As the trends towards the sex and sex tourists have been developed internationally. 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Critical Success Factors When Going Global -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Critical Success Factors When Going Global? Answer: Introduction Fonterra is one of the leading exporters of dairy products in the world, as they are responsible for more international trade than the other dairy companies in the world with respect to the sales turnover. The chain for the company stretches from New Zealand to more than 140 countries, which shows an increase in the consumption of their products by the consumers. The company started its operations in the early time of the 1800s and has been on a growing spree since that time. It launched its first cheese company in 1871 by taking help of pooled resources, which had an annual turnover of 50 tons of cheese. By the beginning of the 19th century, the majority of the dairy factories that were present in the country were under the co-operatives and they began to export their products overseas market as well ("Fonterra - The Global Dairy Industry" 2018). The company was started by Samuel Mardsen in the year 1814 and it launched its first brand known as Anchor in the year 1923, the same year when the Dairy Board was established. In 1935, the government had taken the control of exporting and marketing the dairy products and felt the need of establishing a board within the country. Therefore, year 2961 saw the creation of the board, which was named as Dairy Production and Marketing Board. By 2001, Fonterra Co-Operative Group was formed, which was based on the merger of three dairy firms ("Fonterra - Our Heritage" 2018). The headquarters of the company is located in Auckland for New Zealand and in Victoria for Australia. The company provides one-fifth of the exports that takes place in the country and is responsible for a 7 percent growth in the Gross Domestic Product of the company. the company produces and distributes its milk products in national and international countries such as Middle East, China, Africa and North America. The major brands under the company are Anmum, Anlene and Anchor and the other brands that are available in the market are Tip Top, DeWinkle and Fresh and Fruity (Fonterra - Company Overview 2018). SWOT analysis of the company The primary strength of the company is that it has a stable and and a secured chain for supplying the milks on a long-term manner in a global manner as well. The demand that is present globally has helped the company in increasing the relationship between the farmers and the shareholders of the company as well. The company has a higher level of productivity with respect to dairy products than any of the two dairy firms merged together. This is the strength for the company, as the employees have helped the company by increasing its level of productivity within the organization (Nilsson and Rydberg 2015). There are a number of employees who have high levels of productivity that has helped in the growth of the industry as well. New Zealand and Australia have a higher level of productivity due to the high consumption of dairy products within these countries (Macdonald and Rowarth 2016). Weaknesses The relationship with the suppliers has to be maintained in a better way so that it can help in getting the resources at a cheaper price. The competitors that are present within the market will push the suppliers in increasing the prices so that the level of profit for the organization decreases. After the merge up of the company with another, the company in the recent time is facing a shortage of resources to increase its level of infrastructure, as the relocation of the resources and the infrastructures are not possible at a short notice. The dairy firms have to rely on the ecology and the climate, as the sudden change in the weather conditions may result in the low quality of milk, which may affect the other products as well. This can reduce the level of efficiency of the firm, which will help the competitors in gaining a competitive advantage (Pawson and Perkins 2017). Opportunities The organization needs to decrease the entry barriers in the market. Since the market conducts in an open economy, it is easy for the rival companies in developing better dairy products to sell in the market. This may affect the goodwill of Fonterra, as the competitors may result in decreasing the sale of the company and hamper the sale as well (Livingstone et al. 2015). The World Trade Organization (WTO) has increased the trade negotiations, which has resulted in supplying the products at a lower cost. This will help the company in entering new markets as well so that the consumers can be able to purchase their products and the goodwill of the company can be increased as well. The company can improve its image of green business by adding value to the nutrition that is available in the product. Since most of the customers in the recent world have become more conscious towards the products that they are consuming, it will be easy for the company to sell the dairy products by providing a firsthand knowledge of the nutrients that are present in the product. This will help the consumers in understanding the importance of the consumption of the dairy products (Pang 2017). Threat Most of the countries, due to the effect of globalization have increased the tariff rates for the international companies so that it can help in protecting the local suppliers and increase their rate of profit. Most of the competitors that are present in the market have been taking up the global strategy so that it can help them in increasing their rate of profit and earn goodwill in the foreign markets as well (Pavlovich, Sinha and Rodrigues 2016). The competitors after entering the new markets will result in decreasing the profit of firm, as the customers will be able to use the differentiated products as well at a cheaper cost, which may decrease the sale of the dairy products produced by Fonterra. Since the company operates on a global scale, the rate of exchange with respect to currency plays an important role in determining the prices of the products. The drop in the prices may result in the decrease in the profit levels of the firm as well, which would hamper its operations in those nations (Fu 2014). Recommendation The demographic analysis has to be conducted by the company so that they can understand the various age groups that will be willing to purchase the products. The demographic analysis will help the company in getting a better knowledge regarding the age, gender of the population, marital status of the local people along with the religion and race that the population belongs (Lockhart, Donaghy and Gow 2016). The psychographic analysis will help in determining the likeliness within the population for buying the particular product or services from the organization. The lifestyles and the interests of the people have to be studied in a proper manner so that it can help the company in understanding the needs and preferences of the population. The attitudes and the opinions of the customers need to be taken in to consideration so that it can help the company in manufacturing the products in a better way, which will help them in earning better profit margins (McGiven 2016). The company will be able to manufacture the products according to the tastes and preferences of the consumers so that the product can be liked by them. In the Australian market, it can be seen that the company will be manufacturing the products for all the age groups. This is due to the fact that the dairy products can be consumed by people of all age groups (Fu 2014). The dairy products are suitable for all the age groups and it will suit the lifestyles of the entire population, as it helps in providing vital nutrients to the human bodies. The young age groups will benefit from the dairy products, as it will help them in developing their bodies and providing them with sufficient nutrients as well. The teenage customers along with the age group belonging to 25-30 and 31 and above will be benefitting from the consumption of the dairy products, as it will help them in revitalizing the necessary nutrients in their body (De Witt 2017). New product/ services description The company has launched a new product in the market known as Daily Fresh, which is provided to the customers in a 750ml bottle. The Unique Selling Proposition (USP) for this product is that the company labels the bottle in such a manner that it helps in highlighting the freshness of the product on each day basis. This helps the company in providing knowledge to the customers regarding the consumption of the products on an everyday manner (Edwards 2016). The customers get a better knowledge from the bottles, as they get to know the manufacturing date of the products and the freshness of the product as well. the company will be beneficial, as the products are being manufactured with respect to the taste and preferences of the customers due to the rise in the household incomes (Baker 2016). The specifications that are being attached in the label of the products of the company will increase the sales in the market, as the consumers will be able to understand the freshness content of the product. The manufacturing of the products on an everyday manner will help in providing the fresh ingredients to the customers so that they can be able to gain the full benefits after the consumption of the product (Shadbolt and Duncan 2014). The company is also taking the help of an online platform for the execution of the products in the markets so that the product can be delivered efficiently to the customers within a 3 kilometer radius. The customers will be able to take a scan of the barcodes that are present in the product so that they can get all the rightful information regarding the quality of the product. After the order has been placed by the customers regarding the product, it will be delivered to them within half an hour (Scott, Bowden and Rowarth 2017). Marketing mix relevant strategies The factor of pricing plays an important role in determining the value of sales that will be made by the company. The pricing policy adopted by the company plays a significant role in determining the shares and fluctuations that are taking place in the market due to the various circumstances. Pricing is an important element, as it helps in generating better turnover for the organization. The marketers of the company need to analyze the situation so that the price of the products can be done accordingly. The consumers will be willing to pay an extra amount for better quality of products, as it will help them in replenishing their demands and substitute it with the consumption of one product only (Woodford and Lucock 2013). The company will be adopting the strategy of penetration pricing so that the products can be priced at a lower rate, which will help them in gaining an advantage over the rival firms that are present in the market. The penetration strategy will help the company in gaining a better percentage of shares in the market after which the prices can be increased again in the market. The consumers will be willing to pay a premium price for the product, as they are of the perception that the product is superior to the others that are present in the market (Muirhead 2014). Product The product is an important part of the marketing mix tool, as it helps in the survival of the company in the market. The better quality of product will help in attracting new customers towards the company so that a larger base of customers can be built. It will also help the company in gaining a competitive advantage than the rival companies that are present in the same market by providing better quality of products at a competitive price (Anuranga 2014). The Daily Fresh that is being provided by the company is an innovative product, as the labels contain the days till which the product can remain fresh along with the time that the product has been made. This will help the company in gaining a competitive advantage over the other firms that are operating on a local manner, as the consumers will have a prior knowledge regarding the manufacturing of the products. The stocks of the company are replenished on an overnight basis so that it can provide the fresh quantity of milk to its customers. These will help the company in attracting large number of customers and build up its customer base as well (Shadbolt and Duncan 2014). Place The production of the Daily Fresh product takes place in the factory of the company that is situated in Australia on a regular basis so that it can help in delivering the best quality products to its customers. After the products are manufactured, it is packed and transported in a safe manner with the help of the company trucks to the local retail and wholesale stores. The online platform collects the products directly from the warehouse of the company so that they do not have to pay an additional cost to the wholesalers or the retailers (Edwards 2016). This helps them in keeping their profit margins low and provides the products at a better rate of discount. The distribution channels of the company are well coordinated, which helps them in supplying the products within the specified time for the customers to enjoy it. The replenishment of the products are also done properly, as the company communicates with the sellers in a proper manner and takes feedbacks from them as well regardi ng the taste and the preferences of the customers (Muirhead 2014). Promotion This is the strategy that needs to be undertaken by the company so that there is a proper mode of communication between the target market and the product that is being introduced there. It is the process through which better levels of awareness can be created by the company towards the customers regarding the product being available in the market. The promotional tactic used by the company helps the target customers in associating themselves with the product that is being available in the market. It also helps up in creating the chain of supply so that the product can be highlighted after the customer has entered in to the shop (Fu 2014). The company will try to promote the new product in the market with the help of advertisements and providing free samples to the customers as well. The medium of advertising that will be used by the company for promoting the brand will be through the billboards and banners so that it can help in grabbing the attention of the customers. It will also advertise in the newspapers as well so that the consumers who are regular at reading the morning or the evening paper will get a firsthand knowledge regarding the product (McGiven 2016). The advertisements will be shown in between the television and cartoon programs as well so that the young children can also get to know about the product, as they do not have the habit of reading the papers. The design of the logo for the new products has to be done in such a manner so that it can help in attracting the customers towards them (Pang 2017). The other method of promotion that can be used by the company is to provide free samples to the customers so that it can help them in getting a taste of the product. This will help the customers in differentiating the products from the other companies that are available in the local market. After the sampling has been done by the customers, the company can provide point systems to them so that the next purchases can be done based on the accumulation of points. These points can be accumulated by the customers and capitalized in getting a free bottle of the milk product as well (Nilsson and Rydberg 2015). Conclusion Therefore to conclude, it can be said that the company needs to use the marketing mix tools that are available to them so that it can help in creating awareness among the consumers. This will help the company in increasing its profit margin and widen its base of customers as well. The use of the online channels of marketing along with the distribution of the products in the local market will help the company in raising the awareness levels among the customers. The proper selection of the target market will help the company in increasing its sale and profits with respect to the new product as well. Reference List Anuranga, B.K.H.D., 2014. DCD, a Potential Shield to Uplift Local Milk.Scientific Reseach Journal, pp.20-25. Baker, R., 2016. Implementation of the Fonterra Palm Kernel Guideline. De Witt, M., 2017.Discretion in Decision Making: The Fonterra Case(Doctoral dissertation, University of Waikato). Edwards, M., 2016. Complaints in the food and drink industry. Fonterra - Company Overview. 2018. Fonterra.com. Retrieved 30 January 2018, from https://www.fonterra.com/nz/en/about/company+overview Fonterra - Our Heritage. 2018. Fonterra.com. Retrieved 30 January 2018, from https://www.fonterra.com/global/en/About/Our+History Fonterra - The Global Dairy Industry. 2018. Fonterra.com. Retrieved 30 January 2018, from https://www.fonterra.com/nz/en/financial/global+dairy+industry Fu, S., 2014. The role of Chinese social media in reputation management: the case of Fonterra. Livingstone, P.G., Hancox, N., Nugent, G., Mackereth, G. and Hutchings, S.A., 2015. Development of the New Zealand strategy for local eradication of tuberculosis from wildlife and livestock.New Zealand veterinary journal,63(sup1), pp.98-107. Lockhart, J., Donaghy, D.J. and Gow, H., 2016. Murray Goulburn and Fonterra are playing chicken with dairy farmers. Macdonald, T. and Rowarth, J., 2016. Critical success factors when going global: Agribusiness co-operative growth. McGiven, A., 2016. The Future Opportunities and Challenges for one of the World's Largest Dairy Export Firms: Fonterra in New Zealand.The Journal of Applied Business and Economics,18(3), p.16. Muirhead, B., 2014. The Role of International Trade in the Rise of the New Zealand Dairy Industry from Its Beginnings to the Fonterra Era. Nilsson, J. and Rydberg, C., 2015. Factors behind the Fonterra shareholders rejection of the boards capital restructuring plan of 2007. Pang, A., 2017. Product safety failure and restoring reputation across markets: Fonterra's management of the 2013 bacterial contamination crisis.Journal of Marketing Channels,24(3-4), pp.136-152. Pavlovich, K., Sinha, P.N. and Rodrigues, M., 2016. A qualitative case study of MNE legitimacy: The Fonterra-Sanlu IJV corporate milk scandal in China.International Journal of Emerging Markets,11(1), pp.42-56. Pawson, E. and Perkins, H.C., 2017. New Zealand going global: The emerging relationships economy.Asia Pacific Viewpoint,58(3), pp.257-272. Scott, A., Bowden, S. and Rowarth, J., 2017. Critical success factors when going global: New Zealand dairy companies. Shadbolt, N.M. and Duncan, A., 2014. Fonterra as a case study of co-operative capital structure innovation.International Summit of Cooperatives, Quebec, Canada, pp.6-9. Woodford, K.B. and Lucock, X., 2013. New Zealand's dairy opportunities in China.

Definition of love Essays - Social Psychology, Emotions, Friendship

Personal definition of love: Love is an emotion. It refers to the deep feeling of carrying about someone. This feeling differ depending on the relationship between two people. Love for a mother is different than love for a husband but in both cases it involves affection, admiration and respect. Personal definition of friendship: Friendship is a personal relationship between two people. This relationship involves affection and mutual esteem as well as trust and loyalty to each other. Knowing that you can always count and rely on each other with anything is what true friendship is all about. A false friend is more dangerous than an open enemy! True friends trust each other so much that they feel very comfortable to share everything between themselves. This can involve material assets as well as a load of personal information such as insecurities, joys , fears, mistakes etc. A true friend knows that this kind of information cannot be disclosed to anyone and that is part of the respect that friends have for each other. When such information is disclosed by false friends, these provoke anger and emotional pain. We often get disappointed when a friend turns out to be false and it becomes more difficult to engage in such close relationships as the fear of being deceived and disappointed again can have a strong presence. One other factor about false friends is that we are always taken by surprise to discover a false friend. We can never expect that the person that we trusted with everything, helped whenever it was necessary, saw like a brother has turned out to be the worse enemy. When it comes to an open enemy, we know what to expect. Personal information must not be in the open air as it can be used as a tool of revenge we know to always keep our eyes open in the presence of an enemy. Usually it is not wise to let an enemy too close to friends or relatives as this will always try to dig something dirty that its can use as revenge. We all know what the intentions of our enemies are and what they are capable of. We are never too surprised about their actions. Even when they try to show their best intentions, we can already anticipate that is a trap and not give them the satisfaction to get through with their mall intended actions. The relationship that we have with our enemies is based on envy, jealousy, lack of trust and sometimes even fear. To conclude, I would say that a false friend can hurt us deep and not just by disclosing the information or the things we intrusted them with but by the fact that those things and information came together with our trust and affection for that person. We allow them into our privacy and our lives become transparent for them as we most of the time believe that there?s nothing more precious in this world as a true friend. This can explain the intensity of the feelings that we experience when we find out that the person we though of and treated as a friend is actually not a friend at all.

The Guns or Butter Nazi Economy

The Guns or Butter Nazi Economy A study of how Hitler and the Nazi regime handled the German economy has two dominant themes: after coming to power during a depression, how did the Nazis solve the economic problems facing Germany, and how did they manage their economy during the largest war the world has yet seen, when facing economic rivals like the US. Early Nazi Policy Like much of Nazi theory and practice, there was no overarching economic ideology and plenty of what Hitler thought was the pragmatic thing to do at the time, and this was true throughout the Nazi Reich. In the years leading to their takeover of Germany, Hitler didn’t commit to any clear economic policy, so as to widen his appeal and keep his options open. One approach can be seen in the early 25 Point program of the party, where socialist ideas such as nationalization were tolerated by Hitler in an attempt to keep the party unified; when Hitler turned away from these goals, the party split and some leading members  (like Strasser) were killed to retain unity. Consequently, When Hitler became Chancellor in 1933, the Nazi Party had different economic factions and no overall plan. What Hitler did at first was to maintain a steady course which avoided revolutionary measures so as to find a middle ground between all the groups he’d made promises to. Extreme measures under extreme Nazis would only come later when things were better. The Great Depression In 1929, an economic depression swept the world, and Germany suffered heavily. Weimar Germany had rebuilt a troubled economy on the back of US loans and investments, and when these were suddenly withdrawn during the depression the Germany economy, already dysfunctional and deeply flawed, collapsed once more. German exports dropped, industries slowed, businesses failed and unemployment rose. Agriculture also began to fail. The Nazi Recovery This depression had helped the Nazis in the early thirties, but if they wanted to keep their hold on power they had to do something about it. They were helped by the world economy beginning to recover at this time anyway, by the low birth rate from World War 1 reducing the workforce, but action was still needed, and the man to lead it was Hjalmar Schacht, who served as both Minister of Economics and President of the Reichsbank, replacing Schmitt who had a heart attack trying to deal with the various Nazis and their push for war. He was no Nazi stooge, but a well-known expert on the international economy, and one who’d played a key role in defeating Weimar’s hyperinflation. Schacht led a plan which involved heavy state spending to cause demand and get the economy moving and used a deficit management system to do so. The German banks had tottered in the Depression, and so the state took a greater role in the movement of capital – borrowing, investments etc. – and put low interest rates in place. The government then targeted farmers and small businesses to help them back into profit and productivity; that a key part of the Nazi vote was from rural workers and the middle class was no accident. The main investment from the state went into three areas: construction and transportation, such as the autobahn system which was built despite few people owning cars (but was good in a war), as well as many new buildings, and rearmament. Previous Chancellors Bruning, Papen and Schleicher had started putting this system into place. The exact division has been debated in recent years, and it’s now believed less went into rearmament at this time and more into the other sectors than thought. The workforce was also tackled, with the Reich Labour Service directing the young unemployed. The resu lt was a tripling of state investment from 1933 to 1936, unemployment cut by two-thirds (Nazi faithful were guaranteed jobs even if they weren’t qualified and if the job wasn’t needed), and the near recovery of the Nazi economy. But the purchasing power of civilians had not increased and many jobs were poor. However, Weimar’s problem of a poor balance of trade continued, with more imports than exports and the danger of inflation. The Reich Food Estate, designed to co-ordinate agricultural produce and achieve self-sufficiency, failed to do so, annoyed many farmers, and even by 1939, there were shortages. Welfare was turned into a charitable civilian area, with donations forced through the threat of violence, allowing tax money for rearmament. The New Plan: Economic Dictatorship While the world looked at Schacht’s actions and many saw positive economic outcomes, the situation in Germany was darker. Schacht had been installed to prepare an economy with a large focus on the German war machine. Indeed, while Schacht didn’t start off as a Nazi, and never joined the Party, in 1934, he was basically made an economic autocrat with total control of the German finances, and he created the ‘New Plan’ to tackle the issues: the balance of trade was to be controlled by the government deciding what could, or couldn’t be imported, and the emphasis was on heavy industry and the military. During this period Germany signed deals with numerous Balkan nations to exchange goods for goods, enabling Germany to keep foreign currency reserves and bringing the Balkans into the German sphere of influence. The Four Year Plan of 1936 With the economy improving and doing well (low unemployment, strong investment, improved foreign trade) the question of ‘Guns or Butter’ began to haunt Germany in 1936. Schacht knew that if rearmament continued at this pace the balance of payments would go crippling downhill, and he advocated increasing consumer production to sell more abroad. Many, especially those poised to profit, agreed, but another powerful group wanted Germany ready for war. Critically, one of these people was Hitler himself, who wrote a memorandum that year calling for the German economy to be ready for war in four years’ time. Hitler believed the German nation had to expand through conflict, and he wasn’t prepared to wait long, overriding many business leaders who called for slower rearmament and an improvement in living standards and consumer sales. Quite what scale of war Hitler envisioned isn’t certain. The result of this economic tug was Goering being appointed head of the Four Year Plan, designed to speed rearmament and create self-sufficiency, or ‘autarky’. Production was to be directed and key areas increased, imports were also to be heavily controlled, and ‘ersatz’ (substitute)  goods were to be found. The Nazi dictatorship now affected the economy more than ever before. The problem for Germany was that Goering was an air ace, not an economist, and Schacht was so sidelined that he resigned in 1937. The result was, perhaps predictably, mixed: inflation had not increased dangerously, but many targets, such as oil and arms, had not been reached. There were shortages of key materials, civilians were rationed, any possible source was scavenged or stolen, rearmament and autarky targets were not met, and Hitler seemed to be pushing a system which would only survive through successful wars. Given that Germany then went head first into war, the failures of th e plan soon became very apparent. What did grow were Goering’s ego and the vast economic empire he now controlled. The relative value of wages fell, the hours worked increased, workplaces were full of the Gestapo, and bribery and inefficiency grew. The Economy Fails at War It’s clear to us now that Hitler wanted war, and that he was reformatting the German economy to carry out this war. However, it appears that Hitler was aiming for the main conflict to start several years later than it did, and when Britain and France called the bluff over Poland in 1939 the German economy was only partially ready for the conflict, the goal being to start the great war with Russia after a few more years building. It was once believed that Hitler tried to shield the economy from the war and not move immediately to a full wartime economy, but in late 1939 Hitler greeted the reaction of his new enemies with sweeping investments and changes designed to support the war. The flow of money, the use of raw materials, the jobs people held and what weapons should be produced were all changed. However, these early reforms had little effect. Production of key weapons like tanks stayed low, due to flaws in design negating speedy mass production, inefficient industry, and a failure to organize. This inefficiency and organizational deficit were in a large part due to Hitler’s method of creating multiple overlapping positions which competed with each other and jostled for power, a flaw from the heights of government down to the local level. Speer and Total War In 1941 the USA entered the war, bringing some of the most powerful production facilities and resources in the world. Germany was still under-producing, and the economic aspect of World War 2 entered a new dimension. Hitler declared new laws – the Rationalization Decree of late 1941 – and made Albert Speer Minister of Armaments. Speer was best known as Hitler’s favored architect, but he was given the power to do whatever was necessary, cut through whichever competing bodies he needed, to get the German economy fully mobilized for total war. Speer’s techniques were to give industrialists more freedom while controlling them through a Central Planning Board, allowing for more initiative and results from people who knew what they were doing, but still kept them pointed in the right direction. The result was an increase in weapons and armaments production, certainly more than the old system produced. But modern economists have concluded Germany could have produced more and was still being beaten economically by the output of the US, USSR, and Britain. One problem was the allied bombing campaign which caused massive disruption, another was the infighting in the Nazi party, and another was the failure to use the conquered territories to full advantage. Germany lost the war in 1945, having been outfought but, perhaps even more critically, comprehensively out produced by their enemies. The German economy was never functioning fully as a total war system, and they could have produced more if better organized. Whether even that would have stopped their defeat is a different debate.

Strategic Management and Finance Research Paper

Strategic Management and Finance - Research Paper Example 1,670,000 Net cash flow per year 690,000610,0001,350,0001,505,0001,670,000 Net Present Value: Present Cash Flows PV Factors Value Year 1 690,000 0.8929616,071 Year 2 610,000 0.7972486,288 Year 3 1,350,000 0.7118960,903 Year 4 1,505,000 0.6355956,455 Year 5 1,670,000 0.5674947,603 Salvage return 700,000 0.5674397,199 Total 4,364,519 Investment (10,000,000) Net Present Value (5,635,481) Payback Period: Net Remaining Cash Flow Investment Payback period is Longer than the project life of 5 years Investment 10,000,000 Year 1690,0009,310,000 Year 2 610,0008,700,000 Year 3 1,350,0007,350,000 Year 4 1,505,0005,845,000 Year 5 2,370,0003,475,000 Scheme 2 Net Cash Flow per Year Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Expected annual cash receipts from sales2,600,0002,800,0003,000,0003,200,0003,500,0003,500,000 Expected annual costs of new product Cash expenses 1,550,0001,620,0001,720,0001,810,0001,930,0002,060,000Depreciation expense 583,333583,333583,333583,333583,333583,333 Net income 466,667596,667696,667806,667986,667856,667 Net cash flow per year 466,667...The reduction in the inventory turnover resulted from the significant increase in the stocks. This increase might be a result of the company's hedging for foreseen price increases. The Board should accept Scheme 2. Based on NPV, it has a much lower negative NPV than Scheme 1. Moreover, it has a shorter payback period than Scheme 2, which according to the above calculations will never be able to pay back the company's 10,000,000 investment. PT Trada Maritimes debuted in the Indonesia Stock Exchange on September 2, 2008 (Trada Maritime 2008). Right after its debut, the stock price reached as high as 27 per cent of its IPO price. The company went public as a result of its additional capital requirements on its expansion plan for 2009. Trada Maritimes plans to spend as much as $315 million to purchase additional vessels over the next five years (Trada Maritime 2008). Globus Maritime Limited received the International IPO of the Year on February 1, 2008 at the Quoted Company Awards (Reuters 2008). Globus was first listed in the London Stock Exchange under its AIM index in June 2007 at an IPO price of 300 pence (www.timagenislaw.com; www.investegate.co.uk). Right after its debut, the price of the company's stock skyrocketed as show in the graph below. Reuters 2008, 'Globus Maritime Limited Receives the 'International IPO of the Year' at the Quoted', Reuters, [Online] Retr